S-Parameters
Linear two-port (and multi-port) networks are characterized by a number of equivalent circuit parameters, such as their transfer matrix, impedance matrix, admittance matrix, and scattering matrix. The transfer matrix, also known as the ABCD matrix, relates the voltage and current at port 1 to those at port 2, whereas the impedance matrix relates the two voltages V1,V2 to the two currents I1, I2 :† _ V1 I1 _ = _ A B C D __ V2 I2 _ (transfer
RF Small signal design using two-port parameters
Design of the solid-state, small-signal RF amplifier using two-port parameters is a systematic, mathematical procedure, with an exact solution (free from approximation) available for the complete design problem. The only sources of error in the final design are parameter variations resulting from transistor parameter distributions and strays in the physical circuit. Parameter distributions result from limits in measurement and random variations among identically designed transistors. The purpose of this paper is to provide, in a single working reference, the